СЕМАНТИЧНI ТРАНСФОРМАЦIЇ ЛЕКСЕМ ЗВIЛЬНЕННЯ ТА АГРЕСIЯ (НА МАТЕРIАЛI УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ РОСIЙСЬКОЇ ТА НIМЕЦЬКОЇ МОВ)
Наталiя Кондратенко
Uniwersytet w BiałymstokuЛюбов Завальська
Одеський нацiональний унiверситет iменi I. I. МечниковаAbstract
The article analyzes the structure of lexical meaning and the use of the tokens liberation
and aggression in Ukrainian, Russian and German as markers of semantic opposition. Definitions
of explanatory dictionaries of the Ukrainian, Russian and German languages served
as material for the analysis. To illustrate the peculiarities of usage, the contexts of modern
Ukrainian, Russian and German media discourse are involved. The lexeme zv`ıl’nennˆa / osvo-
boˇzdenie / Befreiung is polysemic in the analyzed languages. It was found that the lexeme
agres`ıˆa / agressiˆa / Aggression is presented in Ukrainian, Russian and German languages
with different actualization of the seme and different seme composition. In the Ukrainian
language, the transformation from “unprovoked armed attack” to “forceful intervention”
in the relations between two states is recorded; in the Russian language it is about “attack”
and forceful actions against “foreigners; and in the German language a military attack on
foreign territory is foreseen.
Keywords:
semantic opposition, lexeme, context, Ukrainian language, Russian language, German languageReferences
Bol’shoy tolkovyy slovar’ russkogo yazyka, S. A. Kuznetsov (red.), Sankt-Peterburg 1998,
[online], http://www.gramota.ru/slovari/info/bts/ [dostup: 15.06.2023].
Duden – mehr als ein W¨orterbuch, [online], https://www.duden.de [dostup: 15.06.2023].
Grigorenko V., Sinonimiya kak instrument sozdaniya suggestivnogo potentsiala v politicheskom
diskurse, „Sovremennoye pedagogicheskoye obrazovaniye” 2022,
, s. 167–171.
Klyuchevskaya A., Kontseptual’noye pole «agressiya» kak ob”yekt lingvisticheskogo issledovaniya,
„Izvestiya Rossiyskogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta imeni
A. I. Gertsena” 2011, 131, s. 177–185.
Korol A., Voloshchuk V., Zasoby manipuliatyvnoho vplyvu v suchasnomu nimetskomovnomu
mediadyskursi, „Aktualni pytannia humanitarnykh nauk” 2020, 31,
, s. 80–85.
Kusse H., Agressiya i argumentatsiya, Vinnitsa 2019.
Ohman S., Theories of the Linguistic Field, „Word” 1953, 9, pp. 123–134.
Ozhegov S. I., Shvedova N. Yu., Tolkovyy slovar’ russkogo yazyka, Moskva 1999.
Porzig W., Wesennafte Bedeutungsteziehungen, „Beitrage zur Geschichte der deutschenen
Sprache und Literatur” 1934, S. 70–97.
Slovar’ russkogo yazyka, A. P. Yevgen’yeva (red.), t. 1, Moskva 1981.
Slovar’ sovremennogo russkogo literaturnogo yazyka v 17 tomakh, t. 1, Moskva 1948.
Slovnyk inshomovnykh sliv, O. S. Melnychuk (red.), Kyiv 1985.
Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy u 20 tomakh, [online], https://services.ulif.org.ua/expl/Entry/
index?wordid=1&page=0 [dostup: 15.06.2023].
Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy v 11 tomakh, Kyiv 1970–1980, [online], http://sum.in.ua/ [dostup:
06.2023].
Trier J., Der deutsche Wortschatz im Sinnbezirk des Verstandes: Dhte eines sprachlichen
Feldes I. Von den Anfangen bis zum Beginn des 13. Jhdts., Heidelberg 1931.
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku
Одеський нацiональний унiверситет iменi I. I. Мечникова
