Reduction of grammar anxiety according to Bill VanPatten and William R. Glass
Sylwia Łuszczyńska
Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Katedra Filologii RomańskiejAbstract
In this paper we describe the relationship between language anxiety and grammar learning. Sources of grammar anxiety can be attributed to too much material, teacher concern for errors, student evaluation, lack of congruence between Communicative Language Teaching and traditional grammar instruction, or lack of grammar instruction. This article presents some techniques to diminish anxiety in light of an approach to grammar instruction proposed by B. VanPatten and W.R. Glass (1999).
Keywords:
grammar, language anxiety, learning, processing, instructionReferences
Cadierno T., Formal instruction from a processing perspective: An investigation into the Spanish past tense, „The Modern Language Journal” 1995, nr 79, s. 153–165.
Cheng Y.S., Horwitz E.K., Schallert D.L., Language writing anxiety: Differentiating writing and speaking components, „Language Learning” 1999, nr 49, s. 417–446.
Horwitz E.K., Horwitz M.B., Cope J.A., Foreign language classroom anxiety, „The Modern Language Journal” 1986, nr 70(2), s. 125–132.
Lee J.F., VanPatten B., Making communicative language teaching happen, New York 1995.
Piechurska-Kuciel E., Language anxiety in secondary grammar school students, Opole 2008.
VanPatten B., Grammar teaching for the acquisition-rich classroom, „Foreign Language Annals” 1993, nr 26, s. 435–450.
VanPatten B., Input processing and grammar instruction: Theory and research, Norwood, NJ 1996.
VanPatten B., The relevance of input processing to second language theory and second language teaching, [w:] Contemporary perspectives on the acquisition of Spanish, volume 2: Production, processing and comprehension, W.R. Glass, A.T. Pérez-Leroux (red.), Somerville, MA 1997, s. 93–108.
VanPatten B., Cadierno T., Explicit instruction and input processing, „Studies in Second Language Acquisition” 1993, nr 15, s. 225–241.
VanPatten B., Glass W., Grammar Learning as a source of language anxiety: A discussion, [w:] Affect in foreign language and second language learning: A practical guide to creating a low-anxiety classroom atmosphere, D. J. Young (red.), Boston 1999, s. 89–105.
VanPatten B., Sanz C., From input to output: Processing instruction and communicative tasks, [w:] Second language acquisition theory and pedagogy, F.R. Eckman, D. Highland, P.W. Lee, J. Mileham, R. Rutkowski Weber (red.), Hillsdale, NJ 1995, s. 169–185.
Williams K., Anxiety and formal second/foreign language learning, „RELC Journal: A Journal of Language Teaching and Research in Southeast Asia” 1991, nr 22(2), s. 19.